justus

In my opinion definitely a modern cast forgery!

Thanks for the information.

Is the following coin puzzle already known in the forum? In my opinion it's an interesting and informative pastime. There are 3 different levels of difficulty "Easy - Medium - Hard". At the end it is shown how much time it took to solve the puzzle. For members who don't know the puzzle yet... have fun! https://coinsweekly.com/puzzle/

In my opinion, a reference to the ruler in whose name the coins were issued would be unusual, since the markings "C" and "D" are on the reverse in the field to the left of the portrait, where later often emission marks may be found. According to Gilles, "C" and "D" are on the 1st emission of Trier antoniniani from 293/294 AD, thus before the coin reform. The former director of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier, Karl-Josef Gilles, also refers to PT, PTR, C- and D-PTR as the first mint marks for Trier before the reform of Diocletianus in 294 AD. * In the case of the bronze coinage, Gilles considers two galleries to be documented for the period from 297-303, and only one from 303-315. ** * Karl-Josef Gilles, Das Münzkabinett im Rheinische Landesmuseum Trier – Ein Überblick zur trierischen Münzgeschichte, in: Schriftenreihe des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier Nr. 13, Trier 1996, S. 26. ** ebd. S. 33.

Henry VI. denarius (silver), Messina mint (Sicily) 1194-1197 AD. Vs: +E.INPERATOR. cross in circle. Rs: C. INPERATRIX. eagle in a circle. Weight: 0.7 gr. Ref. Spahr 28. Uncleaned, still in state of discovery!

Manfred denarius (Billon), Manfredonia or Brindisi mint 1258-1266 AD. Obv.+ NFRIDVS REX (Manfridus Rex); MA/y, above omega. Rev. SI-CI-LI-E; long cross dividing the inscription. Weight: 0.8 gr. Ref. MEC 14, 610; Save 200.

Conrad I. denarius (silver), Messina mint (Sicily) 1250-1254 AD. Obv.: + CONRADVS, base with crosses in two angles. Rev.: + IERL' ET SICIL' around arc over RX. Weight: 0.7 gr. Ref. Spahr 157 (RR); Grierson/Travaini -. "Conradus / R(e)x - Ier(oso)l(yme) et Sicil(ie)" - "Conrad / King of Jerusalem and Sicily".

The reign of the Staufer dynasty over Sicily is, in my opinion, one of the most fascinating epochs in medieval history. As I grew up in "Schwaben", only a few miles from their ancestral castle, the "Hohenstaufen", I would like to show you some pieces from my collection from the sicilian and south-italian mints. Frederick II. denarius (Silver) undated, Messina mint (Sicily) ca. 1225 AD. Obv.: IRL' SICIL' REX, crowned head left. Rev.: + F IPERATOR, base with three points in two angles. Weight: 0.6 gr. Ref. Spahr 113; Grierson/Travaini 545. "F(ridericus) i(m)perator / I(e)r(oso)l(yme et) Sicil(ie) rex" - "Frederick, Emperor / of Jerusalem and Sicily king".

For the reconstruction of the mint, the staff of at least one, but probably even two officines were withdrawn from the Gallic mint of Lyon. In the short period until the coinage reform of Diocletian in 294, one gold and three Antoninian issues could still take place. In contrast to the coins of the Gallic emperors struck earlier in Trier, however, these issues already bore the first Trier mint marks. Specifically, these were PTR (PERCVSSUM TREVERIS), C-PTR (1st Offizin – CAPITALIS ?) and D-PTR (2nd Offizin – DVO ?). Peter N. Schulten* uses the mint mark PTR for the 15th issue of 310/312 AD for Solidi and 1/2 Solidi. Folles, in his opinion, are minted in two offices, namely A/S-PTR and B/S-PTR, i.e. 1st and 2nd officin. 1/2 Folles, on the other hand, only with PTR. * Peter N. Schulten, Die römische Münzstätte Trier von der Wiederaufnahme ihrer Tätigkeit bis zum Ende der Folles-Prägung, Frankfurt a. M. 1974, S. 24.

I can't believe it's the same coin. Fantastic work!

A lot of highly interesting barbarized imitations.👍

A destroyed coin in my opinion.

Definitely not a Byzantine lead seal, but an Imperial Roman approx. 3rd/4th Century. There are several dozen of these small seals in my collection, all from finds in Trier. Numerous seals have been found in Trier on the Moselle river on the banks where goods were unloaded from ships in Roman times. They were used to seal trade goods and were thrown away after use. The Trierer Münzfreunde e. V. Have published some essays on this: Knickrehm, W.: Römische Plomben aus Trier von Marc Aurel bis Constantin Leukel, H.-J.: Römische Fundplomben aus Trier 2002-2015 Leukel, H.-J.: Römische Bleiplomben aus Trierer Funden (Teil 1) Leukel, H.-J.: Römische Bleiplomben aus Trierer Funden (Teil 3) Leukel, H.-J.: Römische Bleiplomben aus Trierer Funden (Nachtrag) Leukel, H.-J.: Römische Plomben aus Trierer Funden 1995-2001 http://www.muenzfreunde-trier.de – Petermännchen-Verlag - Trierer Petermännchen

Exploratory excavations were carried out on the foundations of the Roman city wall prior to the construction of an extension for the city museum on Simeonstiftplatz next to the Porta Nigra. In the course of the excavations, older indications of roman debris in this area could be substantiated by quickly discovering a 1.00 to 1.70 m thick deposit of rubble along the entire length of the construction site. My club friend Wilfried Knickrehm, who worked as a volunteer for the preservation of archaeological monuments, noticed at an early stage of the excavations that there were a large number of antoninians from the time of the Gallic Empire (260-274). These were coins of Victorinus (269-271), Tetricus I (271-274) and his son Tetricus II. Further systematic investigations of the excavation yielded bronze cast residues, ingot fragments, cast rods and coin blanks, the weight of which corresponded exactly to the weight of the antoninians found. Karl-Josef Gilles (RLM Trier) identified the finds as the remains of a mint from the time of the Gallic Empire, which were probably deposited at this location after a fire together with rubble of the mint. The mint itselfs could not have been far from this location, being outside of the roman residential area, that means established near the city wall. The mint of the Constantine era and later has not yet been discovered, but it is likely to have been rebuilt after the fire at the same site, or at least in its vicinity.